Traditional and sport
Kumite principle

Attacking in kumite

Attack selection and delivery

What it is

In plain words

Choosing what to throw, from where, and when — a different problem from being able to throw it. The technique that works in kihon at a fixed distance against a stationary partner is not automatically the technique that arrives against someone moving.

7 points

How it is taught.

The trigger that starts it, the distance and timing it needs, the decision it represents, and what it costs when it is wrong.

Trigger
An opening — created by a feint, by the opponent’s own movement, or by pressure that has forced a reaction.
Mechanics
Short techniques arrive: kizami-zuki, front-leg kicks, gyaku-zuki off a slide. Long committed techniques — oi-zuki, spinning kicks — need an opening already made, and are thrown into a decision the opponent has already committed to.
Distance
Every technique has a distance at which it works and outside which it is either a miss or an invitation.
Timing
On the opponent’s preparation, on their recovery, or on the reaction a feint has produced. Not on your own impulse.
The decision
Head or body; lead hand or rear; hand or foot. The choice follows what the opponent’s guard and stance have left available.
The risk
Every attack opens the attacker. The longer and more committed the technique, the larger and longer the opening.
Application
Every offensive moment in free fighting and competition.
3 faults

Common errors, and how to fix them.

Fault
Attacking from a distance the technique cannot cover.

Why it happens. Throwing on impulse rather than on distance.

The fix. Drill entries separately from techniques until the distance is felt rather than judged.

Fault
Telegraphing — a hand drop, a shoulder twitch, a settling of the weight.

Why it happens. Gathering for the effort.

The fix. Mirror work, and a partner instructed to counter every telegraph they see.

Fault
One attack, then waiting to see what happened.

Why it happens. Treating an attack as an event rather than as an opening.

The fix. Drill combinations where the second technique is thrown on the recovery of the first, whatever the first did.

Practice

Drills

  • Entry drill: close the distance and touch the shoulder, no technique.
  • One-technique rounds — only kizami-zuki permitted for the whole round.
  • Attack on the partner’s movement only, never on your own initiative.
Kumite ↔ kihon ↔ kata

What it connects to.

Techniques
3 terms

The Japanese, explained.

Maai 間合い
Engagement distance. The distance between two people, understood as a relationship rather than a measurement: the same gap is close for a tall fighter and long for a short one, and it changes the instant either moves. Controlling it is the largest single skill in free fighting.
Kamae 構え
Guard, posture of readiness. The position taken up facing an opponent — feet, hips, hands and eyes together. A good kamae threatens without committing, and gives away nothing about what is coming.
Zanshin 残心
Remaining mind, continued awareness. The alertness that continues after a technique has finished. A karateka who scores and then relaxes has demonstrated the absence of zanshin, and in competition it is judged as part of the technique rather than as an extra.